Re: 20030320: netCDF library link problem: missing f77 interface

Ashish,

[Sorry for the delay in responding.  Severe snow made travel to work
impossible.]

The link-command that you used:

    g77 -o odbtest.out odbtest.f -lodb -L/home/aarora/netcdf-3.5.0 -lnetcdf

probably has an incorrect value for the "-L" option.  The netCDF
library should be in the directory

    /home/aarora/netcdf-3.5.0/lib

rather than

    /home/aarora/netcdf-3.5.0

See if this is true.  If so, then you should be able to link your
program using the command

    g77 -o odbtest.out odbtest.f -lodb -L/home/aarora/netcdf-3.5.0/lib -lnetcdf

If this fails, then check that the netCDF library contains the global
symbol "ncopn_" by executing the command

    nm -g /home/aarora/netcdf-3.5.0/lib/libnetcdf.a | grep ncopn_

Regards,
Steve Emmerson   <http://www.unidata.ucar.edu>

>Date: Wed, 19 Mar 2003 14:38:37 -0500
>From: ashish arora <address@hidden>
>Organization: Kent University
>To: Steve Emmerson <address@hidden>
>Subject: RE: 20030113: netCDF library link problem: missing f77 interface
>
> Dear Steve,
>  
> If you remember,I contacted you regarding netCDF library linking problem. 
> After following all the steps suggested by you,i thought it worked,but it is 
> not creating odbtest.out when we give g77 command and producing the same 
> "undefined references" errors for the subroutines. 
> I am sending you the document of all the steps followed.Please look into it 
> and suggest me the alternative path since I am going for a meeting in spring 
> break and I need this running before 21st march.
>  
> Please help.
>  
> The steps followed goes as given below:
> 
>  Installing NETCDF libraries
>  
> (1) If we want to run a fortran program which uses NETCDF libraries for its 
> execution,we need to download and   
> install NETCDF libraries.After we install these libraries,an archive of these 
> linraries is formed with the name "libnetcdf.a"  
> which should be present in the folder which contains the fortran code which 
> is 
> required to compiled.
>  
> (2) There is a possibility that the downloaded netcdf libraries may not 
> contain all the files which may produce different  
> kind of errors while we try to compile and run the fortran code.
>  
> (3) One error would be of "undefined reference" to the subroutines which are 
> linked to the main fortran code.This is a very  
> common and frequent error when working with NETCDF libraries.This kind of 
> error is mainly due to problem in linking of these  
> libraries with the main fortran code.
>  
> This error looks something like this:
>  
> /tmp/ccmKEQjM.o: In function `odb_open__': 
> /tmp/ccmKEQjM.o(.text+0x678): undefined reference to `ncopn_' ..
>  
> The steps which I took to resolve this situation with kind help of Mr.Steve 
> Emmerson and Dr.Donna Witter were:
>  
> (a) First,we look for the listings of global symbols in the downloaded NETCDF 
> library. 
> This can be done by executing the command:
>  
> $ nm -g /home/aarora/netcdf-3.5.0/src/libnetcdf.a
>  
> These are the global symbols which are needed to be present:
>  
> attr.o: 
> dim.o: 
> error.o: 
> libvers.o: 
> nc.o: 
> ncio.o: 
> ncx.o: 
> putget.o: 
> string.o: 
> v1hpg.o: 
> v2i.o: 
> var.o:
>  
The module "fort-v2compat" is not in the above list. This means that that 
> module was not added to the netCDF library 
> when the netCDF package was installed.
>  
> This means, we necessarily need to have all the modules in the listings 
> including "fort-v2compat" which was not present in 
> the libraries I installed for the execution of the program.
>  
> (b) To determine that why that module mentioned above wasn't added to the 
> library,we need to look into the files  
> "configure.log","config.log" and "make.log" which are described near the end 
> of the file "INSTALL.html" in the top-level  
> source directory of i.e. "src" in this case of netCDF package.
>  
> If the above mentioned module "fort-v2compat" is missing the we will surely 
> see errors appearing in the above mentioned log 
> files.
>  
> When we run a command:
>  
> If, however, you are using a standard shell (e.g. "sh", "ksh", "bash"),then 
> the following command should work:
> 
>  $ ./configure >configure.log 2>&1 (In this case,we use this command)
> 
>  or
> 
>  If you are using a csh-like user-shell (e.g. "csh", "tcsh"), then the 
> following command should work:
> 
>  $ ./configure &>! configure.log
>  
> The "configure.log" file is created by you when you redirect the standard 
> output and standard error of the "configure" 
> script to the file "configure.log". The syntax for doing this depends on your 
> user shell.
>  
> Then we run make command:
>  
> We get the output shown below(with errors):
>  
> make[1]: Entering directory `/home/aarora/netcdf-3.5.0/src'
>             >
>             > Making `all' in directory /home/aarora/netcdf-3.5.0/src/libsrc
>             >
>             > make[2]: Entering directory 
> `/home/aarora/netcdf-3.5.0/src/libsrc'
>             > cc -c -O -I. -DNDEBUG attr.c
>             > cc -c -O -I. -DNDEBUG dim.c
>             > cc -c -O -I. -DNDEBUG error.c
>             > cc -c -O -I. -DNDEBUG -DVERSION=`cat ../VERSION` libvers.c
>             > cc -c -O -I. -DNDEBUG nc.c
>             > cc -c -O -I. -DNDEBUG ncio.c
>             > cc -c -O -I. -DNDEBUG ncx.c
>             > cc -c -O -I. -DNDEBUG putget.c
>             > cc -c -O -I. -DNDEBUG string.c
>             > cc -c -O -I. -DNDEBUG v1hpg.c
>             > cc -c -O -I. -DNDEBUG v2i.c
>             > cc -c -O -I. -DNDEBUG var.c
>             > ar cru libnetcdf.a attr.o dim.o error.o libvers.o nc.o ncio.o 
> ncx.o putget.o
>             > string.o v1hpg.o v2i.o var.o
>             > ranlib libnetcdf.a
>             > make[2]: Leaving directory 
> `/home/aarora/netcdf-3.5.0/src/libsrc'
>             >
>             > Returning to directory /home/aarora/netcdf-3.5.0/src
>             >
>             > make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/aarora/netcdf-3.5.0/src'
>             > make[1]: Entering directory `/home/aarora/netcdf-3.5.0/src'
>             >
>             > Making `all' in directory /home/aarora/netcdf-3.5.0/src/fortran
>             >
>             > make[2]: Entering directory 
> `/home/aarora/netcdf-3.5.0/src/fortran'
>             > cc -c -O -I../libsrc -DNDEBUG fort-attio.c
>             > In file included from ncfortran.h:13,
>             > from fort-attio.c:6:
>             > cfortran.h:134:3: #error "cfortran.h: Can't find your 
> environment among: -
>             > MIPS cc and f77 2.0. (e.g. Silicon Graphics, DECstations, ...) 
> - 
> IBM
>             > AIX XL C and FORTRAN Compiler/6000 Version 01.01.0000.0000 - 
> VAX 
> VMS
>             > CC 3.1 and FORTRAN 5.4. - Alpha VMS DEC C
>             > 1.3 and DEC FORTRAN 6.0. - Alpha OSF DEC C and
>             > DEC Fortran for OSF/1 AXP Version 1.2 - Apollo DomainOS 10.2
>             > (sys5.3) with f77 10.7 and cc 6.7. - CRAY
>             >
>             > - NEC SX-4 SUPER-UX -
>             > CONVEX - Sun
>             >
>             > - PowerStation Fortran with Visual C++ -
>             > HP9000s300/s700/s800 Latest test with: HP-UX A.08.07 A 9000/730 
> -
>             > LynxOS: cc or gcc with f2c. -
>             > VAXUltrix: vcc,cc or gcc with f2c. gcc or cc with f77. -
>             >
>             > f77 with vcc works; but missing link magic for f77 I/O. - NO
>             > fort. None of gcc, cc or vcc generate required names. - f2c : 
> Use
>             > #define f2cFortran, or cc -Df2cFortran - NAG f90: Use
>             > #define NAGf90Fortran, or cc -DNAGf90Fortran - Absoft UNIX F77:
>             > Use #define AbsoftUNIXFortran or cc -DAbsoftUNIXFortran - 
> Absoft 
> Pro
>             > Fortran: Use #define AbsoftProFortran - Portland Group Fortran: 
> Use
>             > #define pgiFortran"
>             > make[2]: *** [fort-attio.o] Error 1
>             > make[2]: Leaving directory 
> `/home/aarora/netcdf-3.5.0/src/fortran'
>             > make[1]: *** [subdir_target] Error 1
>             > make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/aarora/netcdf-3.5.0/src'
>             > make: *** [fortran/all] Error 2
> 
>  The above error indicates that the Fortran-calling-C interface wasn't told 
> what conventions to use.
> 
>  (c) In order to fix this problem, we need to look into steps A, D, and E, 
> which are described near the end of the file
>  INSTALL.html in the top-level source directory.
> 
>  If these steps produce errors,the please try the following:
> 
>  1. Go to the top-level source directory.
> 
>  2. Perform steps 3 and 4, which are described near the end of the file 
> INSTALL.html.
> 
>  3. Set the following environment variables to the indicated values:
> 
>  Variable Value CC /usr/bin/gcc
>  CPPFLAGS -Df2cFortran
>  FC /usr/bin/f77
>  FFLAGS -Wno-globals
>  CXX /usr/bin/g++
> 
>  Note that the variable "CPPFLAGS" is set to "-Df2cFortran"
> 
>  The way that you set these variables will depend on your user-shell:
> 
>  Standard shell (e.g. sh, ksh, bash):
> 
>  export CPPFLAGS=-Df2cFortran
>             ...
> 
>  csh-like shell (e.g. csh, tcsh):
> 
>  setenv CPPFLAGS -Df2cFortran
>             ...
>  
> 4. Perform steps 6 through 9, which are described near the end of the file 
> INSTALL.html.
>  
> The detailed description of how to set environment variable of step 3 is as 
> follows:
>  
> For standard UNIX shells (e.g. "sh", "ksh", "bash"):
>  
> We first execute command:
>  
> $ make distclean
>  
> Then we set environment variable on the command prompt remaining in the top 
> level source directory of netCDF package:
> 
>             export CC=/usr/bin/gcc
>             export CPPFLAGS=-Df2cFortran
>             export FC=/usr/bin/f77
>             export FFLAGS=-Wno-globals
>             export CXX=/usr/bin/g++ 
> After the environment variables are set, we again execute the "configure" 
> command:
>  
> $./configure >configure.log 2>&1
>  
> For csh-like shells (e.g. "csh", "tcsh"):
>  
> $ make distclean
>             ...
>             setenv CC /usr/bin/gcc
>             setenv CPPFLAGS -Df2cFortran
>             setenv FC /usr/bin/f77
>             setenv FFLAGS -Wno-globals
>             setenv CXX /usr/bin/g++
>             ./configure >&! configure.log
> 
>  Note that you should execute the command "make distclean" before executing 
> the "configure" script. Don't worry if this command fails or even fails to 
> execute.
> 
>  (d) After setting up the environment, we compile the fortran code by linking 
> to netCDF libraries using following command:
> 
>             g77 -o odbtest.out odbtest.f -lodb -L/home/aarora/netcdf-3.5.0 
> -lnetcdf
> 
>  You should be able to read about the "-L" and "-l" options in the g77(1) 
> manual page.
>  
> After this code should work fine,but its not doing so. 
> Please look into the matter and suggest me changes by tomorrow if possible.
>  
> Thanks Alot, 
> Ashish Arora
> 
>